Thinking about deliverability

I was chatting with folks over on one of the email slack channels today. The discussion was about an ESP not wanting to implement a particular change as it would hurt deliverability. It led me down a path of thinking about how we think of deliverability and how that informs how we approach email.
The biggest problem I see is the black and white thinking.
There’s an underlying belief in the deliverability, receiving, and filtering communities  that the only way to affect sending behavior is to block (or threaten to block) mail.

This was true back in the ancient times (the late 90’s). We didn’t have sophisticated tools and fast CPUs. There weren’t a lot of ways to handle bad mail other than to block. Now the landscape is different. We have many more tools and the computing capacity to quickly sort large streams of data.
At most places these days, blocking is an escalation, not a warning shot. Many places rate limit and bulk folder questionable mail as a first strike against problem mail. Sometimes the mail is bad enough to result in a block. Other times, it’s not bad enough to block, so it disappears into the bulk folder.
There’s a corresponding belief in the sending community that if their behavior doesn’t result in blocking then they’re acting acceptably. This isn’t true either. There are a lot of things you can do (or not do) that don’t help delivery, but will actively harm delivery. Likewise, there are things you can do that don’t actively harm delivery, but will help. All of these things add up to reaching the inbox.

It’s all shades of grey

Things don’t happen on a short timeline. Bad email behavior might take days, weeks or even months to affect things.
Take the situation where a company buys a list and starts sending spam. On one side we have anti-spammers on the other we have marketers.
Anti-spammers often react to the spam to a purchased list with bluster and threats. This behavior is illegal! It’s against CAN SPAM! All your mail will be blocked! Your ESP will throw you off! Yeah, no. That’s not how it works back here in the real world. Purchasing lists is not illegal under CAN SPAM. Blocking might happen, but unless it’s a filthy list it’s not likely to happen the first time. Many ESPs will work with senders, requiring them to remove the purchased list but allowing them to continue mailing their regular lists. Eventually, people start ignoring the boy who cried spam.
It’s not like senders are all honest about the effects of purchased lists, either. Talk to a few marketers and they will swear blind purchased lists are great. They’re kinda right, in the short term under very specific conditions. If the sender starts out with a good reputation, makes smart purchases, and pays attention they’ll often get away with purchasing lists for a while. Eventually, though, delivery problems show up. But because the problems take so long to show up, they refuse to believe purchasing lists led to their mail going to bulk.
In both cases we have folks who aren’t looking at the whole picture. Thus, you end up with delivery folks who simplify their message to “it will hurt deliverability” when the reality is a lot more complex. Sometimes senders have a bad ideas that shouldn’t be done, even though they won’t hurt deliverability. But they won’t listen to any advice containing more realistic consequences.
 
 

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Doing email right

Over on the MarketingLand website, Len Shneyder talks about 3 companies (Uber, REI and eBay) that do email right. In there he shows how the companies use email to further their business goals while understanding and meeting the needs of their customers.
Meeting the needs of recipients is the way to get your mail to the inbox. Send email that your users want, and they will tell the ISPs when they don’t get your mail. It’s sometimes hard to convince senders of this. Instead they want to tweak URLs or authentication or IPs or domains. But none of those things are what deliverability is all about. Deliverability is about the recipient. Deliverability is about the relationship between the sender and recipient.
Send to the right people – and the right people are those who have asked for and want your mail – and deliverability problems don’t materialize. Sure, every once in a while something might happen that throws mail into the bulk folder for one reason or another. But fighting to get to the inbox isn’t an every day thing. Instead, senders can focus on knowing their users and sending mail that makes them happy when it shows up in the inbox.
 

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State of Email Deliverability

I had other posts in the pipeline, but saw a link to the Litmus 2017 State of Email Deliverability Report and decided that deserved a mention here.
There’s all sorts of interesting data there, and well worth a download and read. I was, of course, interested in the “most problematic subscriber acquisition sources.” Senders having blocking issues or blacklist problems in the past 12 months use list rental, co-reg and purchased lists more often than senders that didn’t have problems.

Senders acquiring addresses through list rental are 104% more likely to be blacklisted than senders not using list rental. And they’re 47% more likely to be blocked.
These stats are the primary reason that most ESPs don’t allow list rentals, purchased or co-reg lists. They cause blocking and blacklisting. The ESP ends up having to deal with lots of problems and clean up the mess.
I’m unsurprised that lead generation by giving something away (a report, ebook, whatever) is related to problems. Most of these forms do little to no data checking and accept any and all fake data. There are fairly simple ways to enforce better data, but that does limit the spread of the information.
I am surprised to see signup through direct mail and catalog sales is so bad. Unless maybe people don’t know how to say no when asked for an email address over the phone. I know it seems awkward to say no when asked for an email address. Maybe some folks are giving fake addresses. I sometimes say I don’t have email, or just tell them no, they don’t need one.
The white paper itself is well worth a read. Go download it yourself (but don’t give them a fake email address!).

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